Hais txog kev ua kom haum ntawm cov hlau conductors, lub tswv yim sib txawv ntseeg tias muaj ntau cov tshuab hluav taws xob dawb uas tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv tus neeg hlau ua kom dawb. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob dawb no txav sab hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm hluav taws xob thaiv kom tsim hluav taws xob.
1 expanucarforfling ntawm hlau atoms
Txhua tus atoms yog tsim ntawm lub nucleus thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob kom txav ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Lub centriperal quab yuam xav tau rau kev txav ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab nraum lub nucleus yog muab los ntawm coulomb fais fab hluav taws xob sib zog ntawm lub nucleus thiab cov electrons. Ntau cov neeg sib tw sib txawv yog cov sib txawv deb ntawm lub nucleus sab nraum lub nucleus. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ze tshaj plaws rau lub nucleus muaj lub zog loj tshaj plaws thiab tag nrho cov hluav taws xob ntawm hluav taws xob yog qhov qis tshaj. Lub sab nraud hluav taws xob deb ntawm lub nucleus muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm lub zog, thiab tag nrho cov hluav taws xob muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, nws feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov phooj ywg atoms thiab txav ib ncig ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze nuclei. Cov hlau atoms yog sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv lub zog hlau raws li lub zog tsim los ntawm cov kev sib cav sib ceg tom qab kev cuam tshuam ntawm txheej txheem hluav taws xob. Vim yog lub zog loj me me me me, cov hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev muag muag thiab deformation yooj yim thaum rhuab.
2 Tus neeg tswj hwm hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Lorentz quab yuam (lossis induced hluav taws xob teb)
Yog tias tus neeg saib xyuas hlau txiav cov kab sib nqus ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv lub zog sib nqus, thiab cov atoms nyob sab hauv tus kheej, ua rau ib qho atomic polarization electromotive electromotive electromotive electromotive electromotive electromotive electromotive lub zog. Tab sis txawm li cas los xij Lorentz quab yuam yog, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nce lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab ua kom dawb los ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ntawm nucleus. Tom qab lub tshuab hluav taws xob pub dawb los ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ntawm nucleus, nws tseem yuav ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv rau nws, thiab nws yuav ua haujlwm txuas mus rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog los ua hluav taws xob tam sim no.
3 Hlau Hlau Raws Voltage Retibute thiab Fais Fab Field Force
Yog tias ib qho hluav taws xob voltage tau thov rau ob qho kawg ntawm tus neeg ntaus hluav taws xob sib faib hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm sab nraud, thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob zoo. , Kom nce lub zog ua kom lub zog ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab muaj lub zog txaus kom kov yeej txoj kev ua qhev ntawm lub keeb, thiab dhau los ua cov hluav taws xob dawb sab nraum lub nucleus. Vim tias tsuas yog cov tshuab hluav taws xob outermost muaj lub zog hluav taws xob sab nraud, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau sab nraud, thaum muaj kev sib zog ua ke, thaum muaj kev sib zog ua tau tawm ntawm lub keeb thiab dhau los ua cov tshuab hluav taws xob dawb. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob otermost yuav tsum ua qhov kev ua haujlwm tsawg tshaj plaws kom tawg ntawm txoj kev poob cev ntawm lub nucleus. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob dawb tom qab tsim qhov tam sim no yeej tsis pub dawb. Ntawm ib sab tes, lawv cuam tshuam los ntawm hluav taws xob sib zog ntawm lub voltage faib thiab txav hauv kev coj ntawm hluav taws xob thaiv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv tsis nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum lub zog. Rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob me me heev, qhov chaw sab hauv thiab sab nraud atom tuaj yeem hais tias muaj kev nthuav dav heev. Lub nucleus yog zoo li lub hnub qub hauv cov hluav taws xob hauv thaj chaw, thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob dawb yog zoo li tus meteor me me ya hauv cov chaw cosmic. Qhov kev ua piv txwv no tsis tsim nyog heev, vim tias Meteor ya hauv qhov chaw yuav tsis ua rau tsis kam los ntawm lwm yam khoom, tab sis dawb Electrons yog feem yuav tsis kam. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov chaw nyob sab nraum lub nucleus tsis yog tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis kuj tau itals lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv yog ntau dua li cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab nraud. Tej zaum peb yuav tau hu rau cov teeb meem tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob sab hauv ntawm cov atoms li electron huab roj. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob roj yog qhov tsis zoo tau them, thiab cov hluav taws xob dawb kuj tseem tsis zoo raug them. Yog li ntawd, yog tias dawb electrons shuttle nyob rau hauv electron huab siv hluav taws xob, nws yog khi hluav taws xob, nws yog khi kom tiv thaiv cov roj huab. Tom qab cov tam sim no ruaj khov yog tsim, yog tias lub voltage ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas ploj, thiab cov hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob poob cov nyhuv ntawm lub luj hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog kev tiv thaiv kev ua rau nws, yog li cov hluav taws xob decerelst thiab nrawm nrawm dua rau txheej txheem sib tsoo, nws rov qab los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib tsoo ntawm lub nucleus mus ncig lub nucleus.
4 OHM Txoj Cai thiab Kev Tawm Tsam Txoj Cai
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntws tam sim no, vim tias qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob roj rau cov neeg hluav taws xob dawb, nws tsim ib qho kev ntws ntawm tam sim no, uas tseem ua rau tus neeg xyuas pib. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov hluav taws xob dawb thaum lub sijhawm txav tsis sib npaug nrog cov neeg xyuas keeb kwm. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob dawb tsis txhais tau tias qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog loj. Conversely, qhov tsis kam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog loj, uas tsis txhais tau tias qhov tsis kam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yog loj. Thaum tsiv hauv qhov kev coj ua tiag, qhov tsis kam yog qhov zoo.
5 Zog hloov dua siab tshiab thiab Joule txoj cai
Thaum voltage yog tsuas yog thov rau ob qho kawg ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas, tab sis txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm tau zoo rau kev tawm tsam cov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tau txais kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, txoj haujlwm ua tiav los ua kom muaj kev ua qhev ntawm lub nucleus yog tsawg heev thiab tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.
Thaum lub sij hawm nrawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob dawb, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ua haujlwm kuj tseem ceeb heev (tsis tau sib tham txog ntawm no), lub zog hluav taws xob kuj tseem muaj tsawg heev thiab tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Yog li ntawd, tom qab sau cov hluav taws xob dawb ua ib qho tam sim no, lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm lub teb hluav taws xob yog kom kov yeej cov huab hauv hluav taws xob kom ua haujlwm.
6 Tus neeg xyuas kev coj ua energized tsiv nyob rau hauv daim teb sib nqus
Hauv kev txheeb xyuas saum toj no, thaum cov nyiaj hla dhau los ntawm tus thawj coj, nws tsuas yog kov tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau ua haujlwm. Lub teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob kom dawb hluav taws xob yog hu ua kev tiv thaiv tsis kam ua, thiab ib puag ncig ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam dawb paug hauv Circuit Court hauv Circuit Court yog hu ua Circuit Court yog hu ua lub ntsej muag dawb huv. Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv saum toj no uas cov neeg ntshiab kam ua hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm rau hauv lub zog tshav kub.
Txawm li cas los xij, tus neeg coj ua ke yuav raug rau lub zog quab yuam ntawm daim teb sib nqus (ampere yuam) hauv thaj chaw sib nqus. Hauv qab no lub zog no, tus thawj coj pib txav nrawm dua, kev sib nqus ntawm cov atoms hauv tus neeg xyuas pib hauv tus neeg saib xyuas kev quab yuam. Qhov tsim ntawm lub davhlau ya dav hlau ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov neeg xyuas tsiaj sab nraud, thiab tsim kom tsis kam mus rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob dawb ntws los ntawm. Txhawm rau kov yeej cov kev tiv thaiv, tam sim no tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tawm ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob, thiab tseem ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawm ntawm cov tam sim no, thiab tseem ua rau lub zog hluav taws xob tawm ntawm lub zog ntawm ob qho kawg ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm tus thawj coj. Qhov ntau ntawm cov voltage yog tib yam nkaus li cov inducation intertive quab yuam thiab kev taw qhia yog rov qab.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, Voltage faib hluav taws xob yuam yuav tsum tau kov yeej cov kev tawm tsam los ntawm qhov kev quab yuam hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thiab haus hluav taws xob. Lub zog no hloov pauv mus rau hauv lub zog AMPere ua haujlwm rau sab nraud ntiaj teb, uas pom hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob.
Yog tias tus neeg xyuas pib muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sib nqus tsis yog tus neeg saib xyuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau kev ua haujlwm tab sis kuj kov yeej cov huab siv hluav taws xob kom ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, ib feem ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab ib feem ntawm nws tau hloov mus ua hluav taws xob cua sov.
7 lub zog fais fab tom qab tam sim no ntws
Yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob tom qab tam sim no ntws? Txij li tsis - electrostatic quab yuam muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm rau cov hluav taws xob atoms, thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau hluav taws xob los ua hluav taws xob ua kom muaj hluav taws xob. , Tom qab ntawd, ua li cas tam sim no sab hauv lub zog muab tau tsim?
Txhawm rau tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tam sim no, ntxiv rau kom ua cov hluav taws xob sab nraud uas tau kov yeej txoj kev tawm tsam ntawm huab siv hluav taws xob kom ua haujlwm. Tsis - hluav taws xob muaj tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Yog li ntawd, ib qho hluav taws xob faib tawm los ntawm cov ncej tsis zoo ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob rau tus ncej zoo yuav tsum tsim tawm hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv lub teb hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob ib qho tam sim no hauv qab no hluav taws xob yuam kev sab hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Qhov hluav taws xob nce siab dua qhov zoo electrode lub peev xwm, uas yog los ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode rau lub zog electrode rau lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob yog rov qab.
